Oliver Cromwell

In 1604, King James I of England authorized that a new translation of the Bible into English be started. It was finished in 1611, just 85 years after the first translation of the New Testament into English appeared (Tyndale, 1526). The Authorized Version, or King James Version, quickly became the standard for English-speaking Protestants.

In 17th century England, Oliver Cromwell instigated a military coup d’etat which overthrew King Charles 1st. He wanted to install a Republic, purify the soul of the country, and ordered the decapitation of the ex-sovereign. He created a sectarian régime inspired by the ideas of Calvin, massacred thousands of Irish Papists, and imposed a Puritan way of life.

He also created Zionism – he invited the Jews back to England, and was the first head of state in the world to demand the creation of a Jewish state in Palestine. This bloody episode is known by the name of the First British Civil War.

Oliver Cromwell (25 April 1599 – 3 September 1658) was an English military and political leader and later Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland.

Cromwell was born into the middle gentry, albeit to a family descended from the sister of King Henry VIII’s minister Thomas Cromwell. He was relatively obscure for the first 40 years of his life. He became an Independent Puritan after undergoing a religious conversion in the 1630s, taking a generally tolerant view towards the many Protestant sects of his period.

He was an intensely religious man, a self-styled Puritan Moses, and he fervently believed that God was guiding his victories. He was elected Member of Parliament for Huntingdon in 1628 and for Cambridge in the Short (1640) and Long (1640–49) Parliaments. He entered the English Civil War on the side of the “Roundheads” or Parliamentarians. Nicknamed “Old Ironsides”, he was quickly promoted from leading a single cavalry troop to being one of the principal commanders of the New Model Army, playing an important role in the defeat of the royalist forces.

A 1638 letter survives from Cromwell to his cousin, the wife of Oliver St John, and gives an account of his spiritual awakening. The letter outlines how, having been “the chief of sinners”, Cromwell had been called to be among “the congregation of the firstborn”. The language of this letter, which is saturated with biblical quotations and which represents Cromwell as having been saved from sin by God’s mercy, places his faith firmly within the Independent beliefs that the Reformation had not gone far enough, that much of England was still living in sin, and that Catholic beliefs and practices needed to be fully removed from the church.

Cromwell was one of the signatories of King Charles I’s death warrant in 1649, and he dominated the short-lived Commonwealth of England as a member of the Rump Parliament (1649–53). He was selected to take command of the English campaign in Ireland in 1649–50. Cromwell’s forces defeated the Confederate and Royalist coalition in Ireland and occupied the country, bringing to an end the Irish Confederate Wars. During this period, a series of Penal Laws were passed against Roman Catholics (a significant minority in England and Scotland but the vast majority in Ireland), and a substantial amount of their land was confiscated. Cromwell also led a campaign against the Scottish army between 1650 and 1651.

On 20 April 1653, he dismissed the Rump Parliament by force, setting up a short-lived nominated assembly known as Barebone’s Parliament, before being invited by his fellow leaders to rule as Lord Protector of England (which included Wales at the time), Scotland and Ireland from 16 December 1653. As a ruler, he executed an aggressive and effective foreign policy. He died from natural causes in 1658 and was buried in Westminster Abbey. The Royalists returned to power in 1660, and they had his corpse dug up, hung in chains, and beheaded.

Cromwell is one of the most controversial figures in the history of the British Isles, considered a regicidal dictator by historians such as David Sharp, a military dictator by Winston Churchill, but a hero of liberty by John Milton, Thomas Carlyle, and Samuel Rawson Gardiner, and a class revolutionary by Leon Trotsky.

In a 2002 BBC poll in Britain, Cromwell was selected as one of the ten greatest Britons of all time. However, his measures against Catholics in Scotland and Ireland have been characterized as genocidal or near-genocidal, and in Ireland his record is harshly criticized.

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http://www.voltairenet.org/article184973.html

In the middle of the seventeenth century, British Calvinists gathered around Oliver Cromwell and questioned the faith and the hierarchy of the regime. After overthrowing the Anglican monarchy, the “Lord Protector” presumed to allow the British people to achieve the moral purity necessary to weather a 7-year tribulation, welcome the return of Christ and live peacefully with him for 1000 years (the “Millennium” ). To do this, according to his interpretation of the Bible, the Jews were to be scattered to the ends of the earth, then regrouped into Palestine to rebuild the temple of Solomon. On this basis, he established a Puritan regime, lifted the 1656 ban against Jews settling in England and announced that his country was committed to create the State of Israel in Palestine.

The Cromwell sect was in turn overthrown at the end of the “First English Civil War,” his supporters killed or exiled and the Anglican monarchy was restored. Zionism (that is to say, the proposed creation of a state for the Jews) was abandoned. It reappears in the eighteenth century with the “Second English Civil War” (according to UK school history textbooks), which the rest of the world knows as the “War of Independence of the United States” (1775 – 83). Contrary to popular belief, it was not undertaken on behalf of the Enlightenment ideal that animated a few years later the French Revolution, but funded by the King of France and conducted on religious grounds shouting “Our King is Jesus! “.

George Washington, Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin, to name a few, presented themselves as the successors of the exiled supporters of Oliver Cromwell. The United States logically resumed the Zionist project.

In 1868, in England, Queen Victoria appointed Jewish Benjamin Disraeli as Prime Minister,. He proposed to grant a share of democracy to the descendants of Cromwell supporters to be able to rely on all the people to extend the power of the Crown in the world. Above all, he proposed an alliance with the Jewish Diaspora to lead an imperialist policy of which it would be the avant-garde. In 1878, he put “the restoration of Israel” on the agenda of the Congress of Berlin in the new re-division of the world.

It is on this basis that the Zionist UK restored good relations with its former colonies become the United States at the end of the “Third English Civil War”, which is, in the United States, known as the “American Civil War” and in continental Europe as the “Civil War” (1861-1865) – which saw the victory of the successors of supporters of Cromwell, the WASP (White Anglo-Saxon Puritans). Again, it is quite wrong to present the conflict as a struggle against slavery while five northern states still practiced it.

Until nearly the end of the nineteenth century, Zionism is therefore exclusively a puritan Anglo-Saxon project to which only a Jewish elite adheres. It is strongly condemned by the rabbis who interpret the Torah as an allegory and not as a political plan.

Among the current consequences of these historical facts, we must admit that if Zionism aims at the creation of a state for the Jews, it is also the foundation of the United States. Therefore, the question of whether policy decisions are all made in Washington or Tel Aviv has only relative interest. It is the same ideology that is in power in both countries. Furthermore, Zionism having enabled the reconciliation between London and Washington, the challenge is to tackle this alliance, the most powerful one in the world.

In today’s official history, it is customary to ignore the seventeenth-nineteenth century period and present Theodor Herzl as the founder of Zionism. However, according to internal publications of the World Zionist Organization, this is also false.

The true founder of modern Zionism was not Jewish, but a Christian dispensationalist. Reverend William E. Blackstone was a U.S. preacher for whom true Christians would not have to participate in trials at the end of time. He taught that the latter would be taken to heaven during the final battle (the “rapture of the Church”, in English “the rapture”). In his view, the Jews would fight this battle and come out at the same time converted to Christ and victorious.

It is the theology of Reverend Blackstone which served as the basis for Washington’s unwavering support for the creation of Israel. And this long before AIPAC (the pro-Israel lobby) was created and took control of Congress. In reality, the power of the lobby derives not so much from its money and its ability to finance election campaigns as from this ideology still present in the USA.

The theology of rapture, stupid as it may seem today, is very powerful in the United States. It represents a phenomenon in libraries and the cinema (see the movie Left Behind, with Nicolas Cage, to be released in October).

Theodor Herzl was an admirer of diamond magnate Cecil Rhodes, British imperialism theorist and founder of South Africa, Rhodesia (to which he gave his name) and Zambia (formerly Northern Rhodesia). Herzl was not a religious Jew and had not circumcised his son. Atheist like many European bourgeois of his time, he advocated first to assimilate the Jews by converting them to Christianity. However, taking up the theory of Benjamin Disraeli, he came to the conclusion that the best solution was to engage them in British colonialism by creating a Jewish state in present day Uganda or Argentina. He followed the example of Rhodes in buying land and building the Jewish Agency.

Blackstone managed to convince Herzl to join the concerns of dispensationalists to those of colonialists. For this it sufficed to consider establishing Israel in Palestine and multiplying biblical references. Thanks to this simple idea, they recruited the majority of European Jews to their project. Today Herzl is buried in Israel (on Mount Herzl) and in his coffin the State has placed the annotated Bible that Blackstone had given him.

Zionism has thus never had the goal of “saving the Jewish people by giving them a home,” but the triumph of Anglo-Saxon imperialism by associating them with it. Furthermore, not only is Zionism not a product of Jewish culture, but the majority of Zionists has never been Jews, while the majority of Jewish Zionists are not religious Jews. Biblical references ubiquitous in Israeli public discourse, reflect only the thought of the believing part of the country and are primarily intended to convince the U.S. population.

The decision to create a Jewish state in Palestine was taken jointly by the British and U.S. governments. It was negotiated by the first Jewish Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, Louis Brandeis, under the auspices of Reverend Blackstone and was approved both by President Woodrow Wilson and Prime Minister David Lloyd George, in the wake of the Anglo-French Sykes-Picot Accord dividing up the “Middle East”. This agreement was gradually released to the public.

The future Secretary of State for the Colonies, Leo Amery, was tasked with managing the elders of the “Zion Mule Corps” to create, with two British agents Chaim Weizmann and Ze’ev Jabotinsky, the “Jewish Legion” within the British army.

The Foreign Minister, Lord Balfour, sent an open letter to Lord Walter Rothschild to commit to creating a “Jewish national home” in Palestine (November 2, 1917). President Wilson included among his official war goals (n ° 12 of the 14 points presented to Congress 8 January 1918) the creation of Israel.

Therefore, the decision to create Israel has nothing to do with the destruction of the European Jews which came two decades later, during the Second World War.

During the Paris Peace Conference, Emir Faisal (son of the Sharif of Mecca and later King of British Iraq) signed, on January 3, 1919, an agreement with the Zionist Organization, pledging the continued support for the Anglo Saxon decision.

The creation of the State of Israel, which was made against the people of Palestine, was therefore also made with the agreement of the Arab monarchs. In addition, at the time, the Sharif of Mecca, Hussein bin Ali, did not interpret the Koran as Hamas did. He did not think that “Muslim land cannot be ruled by non-Muslims.”

In May 1942, the Zionist organizations held their conference at the Biltmore Hotel in New York. The participants decided to transform the “Jewish national home” in Palestine into a “Jewish Commonwealth” (referring to Commonwealth by which Cromwell briefly replaced the British monarchy) and allow mass immigration of Jews to Palestine. In a secret document, three objectives were specified: “(1) The Jewish state would embrace the whole of Palestine and probably Transjordan; (2) the displacement of Arabs in Iraq and (3) the taking in hand by Jews of sectors of development and control of the economy throughout the Middle East. “

Almost all participants were unaware that the “final solution of the Jewish question” (die Endlösung der Judenfrage) had just begun secretly in Europe.

Ultimately, while the British did not know how to satisfy both Jews and Arabs, the United Nations (which then had only 46 Member States) proposed a plan to partition Palestine based on the indications that the British had provided. A binational state would be created including a Jewish state, an Arab state and an area “under special international regime” to administer the holy places (Jerusalem and Bethlehem). This project was adopted by Resolution 181 of the General Assembly.

Without waiting for the result of negotiations, the president of the Jewish Agency, David Ben Gurion unilaterally proclaimed the State of Israel immediately recognized by the United States. Arabs in Israeli territory were placed under martial law, their movements were restricted, their passports confiscated. Newly independent Arab countries intervened. But without having constituted armies, they were quickly defeated. During the war, Israel proceeded to ethnic cleansing and forced at least 700,000 Arabs to flee.

The UN sent a mediator, Count Folke Bernadotte, a Swedish diplomat who saved thousands of Jews during the war. He found that the demographic data provided by the UK authorities were false and demanded the full implementation of the Partition Plan for Palestine. However, Resolution 181 requires the return of 700 000 expelled Arabs, the creation of an Arab state and the internationalization of Jerusalem.

The UN special envoy was murdered, 17 September 1948, on the orders of the future Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir.

Furious, the General Assembly of the United Nations adopted Resolution 194, which reaffirms the principles of Resolution 181 and, moreover, proclaims the inalienable right of the Palestinians to return to their homes and be compensated for the harm they have just undergone.

However, Israel, having arrested Bernadotte’s killers, tried and convicted them, was accepted into the UN on the promise to honor the resolutions. But it was all lies. Immediately thereafter, the killers were pardoned and the shooter became the personal bodyguard of Prime Minister David Ben Gurion.

Since its accession to the UN, Israel has continued to violate the resolutions that have accumulated in the General Assembly and the Security Council. Its organic links with two Board members with the right to veto place it outside of international law. It became an offshore State of the United States and the United Kingdom allowing them to feign respect for international law while violating it from this pseudo-state themselves.

It is absolutely wrong to think that the problem posed by Israel concerns only the Middle East. Today, Israel takes militarily action anywhere in the world providing a cover for Anglo-Saxon imperialism. In Latin America, Israeli agents organized repression during the coup against Hugo Chavez (2002) or the overthrow of Manuel Zelaya (2009). In Africa, they were everywhere present during the war of the Great Lakes and organized the arrest of Muammar el-Qaddafi. In Asia, they led the assault and killing of Tamil Tigers (2009), etc.. Each time, London and Washington swear they are not involved. In addition, Israel controls many media and financial institutions (such as the US Federal Reserve).

Until the dissolution of the USSR, it was obvious to all that the Israeli issue sprung from the struggle against imperialism. Palestinians were supported by all the anti-imperialist world – up to the members of the Japanese Red Army, who came to fight alongside them.

Today, the globalization of the consumer society and the loss of values that ensued fostered a loss of consciousness of the colonial character of the Jewish state. Only Arabs and Muslims feel concerned. They show empathy for the plight of Palestinians, but ignore Israeli crimes in the world and do not respond to other imperialist crimes.

However, in 1979, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini explained to his Iranian faithful that Israel was a puppet in the hands of the imperialists and the only real enemy was the alliance of the United States and the United Kingdom. For stating this simple truth, Khomeini was caricatured in the West and Shiites presented as heretics in the East. Today Iran is the only country in the world to send massive amounts of weapons and advisers to help the Palestinian resistance, while the Zionist Arab regimes amiably debate via video conferences with the Israeli President during meetings of the Gulf Security Council.